*** Draft Ver. 1.0 (Last revised 09 AUG 2005) *** SCIENCE OLYMPIAD (Division A, B, & C) "It's About Time: Sundials" Continuum of Competition - Specifications for Sundial Design & Construction for Div. A, B, & C) DIV. A (ES) ----------- > PRIOR - SUNDIAL TYPE: equatorial sundial, designed for the local latitude - GNOMON/STYLE: thin gnomon (1/8" or less); otherwise tell time from center of gnomon shadow - NODUS/APERTURE: none - DIAL FACE/PLATE: dial plate variety (NOT bowstring variety), at least 30 cm in diameter (no larger than 80 cm in diameter) - HOUR LINES: radiating from exact center of dial face; hour lines only, 24 hours - "FURNITURE": dial plate showing name of school/team and lat/lon - SOLAR VS. STANDARD TIME: designed for solar time - METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION: optional > DURING - SUNDIAL TYPE: horizontal sundial - GNOMON/STYLE: thin gnomon (cover stock) - NODUS/APERTURE: none - DIAL FACE/PLATE: (cover stock, 8.5" x 11") - HOUR LINES: hour lines only, 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. - "FURNITURE": dial plate name of school/team and lat/lon - SOLAR VS. STANDARD TIME: designed for solar time - METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION: spreadsheet, hour line calculator (online), or dialing scales (either Serle's ruler or L.E. Jones' nomogram); the latitude of the sundial location will be specified on the day of the competition DIV. B (MS) ----------- > PRIOR - SUNDIAL TYPE: equatorial sundial, designed for the local latitude & longitude - GNOMON/STYLE: thick gnomon (>1/8") - NODUS/APERTURE: choose one of two known techniques for indicating the date [see "Related Resources"(hyperlink)] - DIAL FACE/PLATE: dial plate variety (NOT bowstring variety), at least [x] cm in diameter - HOUR LINES: tangential to gnomon circumference; hour lines only, 24 hours; the circle of hour numbers should feature 1/4-hr. (15-min.) increments - "FURNITURE": dial plate showing name of school/team, lat/lon, and DEC lines for solstices; table or graph of "Standard Time Correction," that is, the amount you have to add to, or to subtract from, solar time on your sundial in order to get the time shown on your wristwatch (lon +/- EoT) - SOLAR VS. STANDARD TIME: designed for solar time - METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION: optional > DURING - SUNDIAL TYPE: either horizontal- or vertical (direct south) sundial - GNOMON/STYLE: thin gnomon (cover stock)[; bonus points awarded for design & construction using a thick gnomon] - NODUS/APERTURE: [TBA] - DIAL FACE/PLATE: (cover stock, 8.5" x 11") - HOUR LINES: hour lines only, 5 a.m. to 7 p.m. - "FURNITURE": dial plate showing name of school/team, lat/lon, and DEC line for equinoxes - SOLAR VS. STANDARD TIME: designed for solar time - METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION: a graphical/geometrical method in which a horizontal/vertical sundial is derived from an equatorial sundial (use of dialing scales NOT allowed); the sundial type and its latitude will be specified on the day of the competition DIV. C (HS) ----------- > PRIOR * Option 1 - SUNDIAL TYPE: "pretzel jar" bowstring equatorial sundial, designed for the local latitude, featuring noon mark solar calendar (plot points for the 21st of each month); plastic jar at least [x] cm in diameter - GNOMON/STYLE: gnomon features either nodus or aperture - NODUS/APERTURE: either - DIAL FACE/PLATE: time scale shown along the "equatorial band" - HOUR LINES: hour lines to nearest 1/4-hr. (15 min.), 5 a.m. to 7 p.m. - "FURNITURE": featuring graph of EoT - SOLAR VS. STANDARD TIME: designed for solar time - METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION: optional * Option 2 - SUNDIAL TYPE: either an Arabic-style horizontal sundial with a vertical gnomon (like EarthDials) or a vertical sundial, designed for the local latitude -- either type of sundial should feature a noon mark solar calendar (plot points for the 21st of each month) - GNOMON/STYLE: gnomon features either nodus or aperture - NODUS/APERTURE: either - DIAL FACE/PLATE: at least [x] cm in diameter - HOUR LINES: hour lines to nearest 1/4-hr. (15 min.), 5 a.m. to 7 p.m. - "FURNITURE": dial plate showing name of school/team, lat/lon, and DEC lines for solstices & equinoxes - SOLAR VS. STANDARD TIME: designed for solar time - METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION: optional > DURING * Option 1 - SUNDIAL TYPE: horizontal sundial - GNOMON/STYLE: thick gnomon [provided by...] - NODUS/APERTURE: - DIAL FACE/PLATE: (cover stock, 8.5" x 11") - HOUR LINES: hour lines only, 5 a.m. to 7 p.m.; featuring noon gap (due to thick gnomon) - "FURNITURE": dial plate showing name of school/team, lat/lon, and DEC line[s for solstices &] equinoxes - SOLAR VS. STANDARD TIME: designed for solar time - METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION: hour lines calculated using trig (work must be shown) [consider use of trig as opportunity to earn bonus points]; the latitude of the sundial location will be specified on the day of the competition * Option 2 - SUNDIAL TYPE: analemmatic sundial - GNOMON/STYLE: movable (pin) - NODUS/APERTURE: none - DIAL FACE/PLATE: rectangular dial plate, 8.5" x 11" - HOUR LINES: hour points only (marked along northern edge of elliptical dial face), 5 a.m. to 7 p.m. - "FURNITURE": dial plate showing name of school/team, lat/lon, and date scale, including marks for equinoxes & solstices - SOLAR VS. STANDARD TIME: designed for solar time - METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION: a graphical/geometrical method [earn bonus points by using trig (work must be shown)]; the latitude of the sundial location will be specified on the day of the competition